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Jean le Rond d'Alembert
Jean-Baptiste le Rond d'Alembert (;〔("Alembert, d'" ). ''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''.〕 ; 16 November 1717 – 29 October 1783) was a French mathematician, mechanician, physicist, philosopher, and music theorist. Until 1759 he was also co-editor with Denis Diderot of the ''Encyclopédie''. D'Alembert's formula for obtaining solutions to the wave equation is named after him.〔D'Alembert (1747) ("Recherches sur la courbe que forme une corde tenduë mise en vibration" ) (Researches on the curve that a tense cord forms () set into vibration), ''Histoire de l'académie royale des sciences et belles lettres de Berlin'', vol. 3, pages 214-219. See also: D'Alembert (1747) ("Suite des recherches sur la courbe que forme une corde tenduë mise en vibration" ) (Further researches on the curve that a tense cord forms () set into vibration), ''Histoire de l'académie royale des sciences et belles lettres de Berlin'', vol. 3, pages 220-249. See also: D'Alembert (1750) ("Addition au mémoire sur la courbe que forme une corde tenduë mise en vibration," ) ''Histoire de l'académie royale des sciences et belles lettres de Berlin'', vol. 6, pages 355-360.〕 The wave equation is sometimes referred to as d'Alembert's equation.
==Early years==
Born in Paris, d'Alembert was the illegitimate child of the writer Claudine Guérin de Tencin and the chevalier Louis-Camus Destouches, an artillery officer. Destouches was abroad at the time of d'Alembert's birth, and a couple of days after birth his mother left him on the steps of the Saint-Jean-le-Rond de Paris church. According to custom, he was named after the patron saint of the church. D'Alembert was placed in an orphanage for found children, but his father found him and placed him with the wife of a glazier, Madame Rousseau, with whom he lived for nearly 50 years. Destouches secretly paid for the education of Jean le Rond, but did not want his paternity officially recognized.
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